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特別需要注意的是:在以出口港為交貨條件的FOB,CFR,CIF等情況下 delivery和shipment的意義相同,“裝運(yùn)”即“交貨”;但在以進(jìn)口港為條件的Exship,Ex Quay等情況下,delivery為“在進(jìn)口港交貨”,商shipment為“在出口港的裝運(yùn)”。
2. disparity, difference,discrepancy
同樣,上述三個(gè)名詞,都有“差異,差別,不同”的意思。
(1) disparity
指 there is a noticeable difference between two or more things, it is a rather formal word,它是正式用語(yǔ),意思為兩者或更多者之間有明顯的不同或區(qū)別。通常翻譯為“差異,不同”,多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ),后常接介詞in。
例 8 Evidently there is a great disparity in the total weight.
譯文:很明顯,在重量方面有很大差異。
例 9 This disparity in price is to wide too bridge over.
譯文:價(jià)格差距太大,無(wú)法彌合。
(2) difference
是一般詞,指 a quality in something which makes it unlike something else, or the amount by which one number or quantity is less than another,通常指本質(zhì)上的差別或不同,也指數(shù)量或金額上的差額或差數(shù)。一般翻譯為“差別,不同,差額,差數(shù)”,后常接介詞between。
例 10 The premium for the difference between 130% and 110% of the invoice value should be borne by your buyers.
譯文:按發(fā)票金額110%和130%的投保差額應(yīng)由你方買(mǎi)主負(fù)擔(dān)。
(3) discrepancy
Discrepancy refers to figures, totals, balances, a failure to agree, showing that some mistake has been made such as in adding or in posting. 指數(shù)字、總數(shù)、余額的不相符,表明在相加或記賬時(shí)有錯(cuò)誤。翻譯為“差異,不符,差錯(cuò)”,后常接介詞 in或between。在表示同一件事物中有差異要說(shuō)discrepancy in sth.,而兩件事物之間有差異則說(shuō)discrepancy between A and B在信用證中,discrepancy則是指 “不符之處”。
例 11 We discovered certain discrepancies in their market report.
譯文:我方已在他們的市場(chǎng)報(bào)告中發(fā)現(xiàn)了某些矛盾之處。(或譯為“不符之處”)
例 12 In case of discrepancy between unit prices and amounts, unit prices shall govern.
譯文:如單價(jià)和總金額有矛盾,應(yīng)以單價(jià)為準(zhǔn)。(或譯為“有差異”)
3. negotiate,honor
這是一組動(dòng)詞,它們?cè)谛庞米C中都有“付款”的含義,但其確切的含義并不相同。
(1) negotiate
在外貿(mào)涵電中是“議付”,指 in letter of credit transactions, the examination of sellers documentation by the bank to determine if they comply with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit,即在信用證交易中,銀行對(duì)賣方的單據(jù)進(jìn)行檢查,以判定是否符合信用證的條款要求之意。實(shí)際上強(qiáng)調(diào)如果單據(jù)符合信用證條款,銀行可付款給出口商,反之則不能付款。請(qǐng)看以下句子: